Students view the film, analyze a primary source from the Oyneg Shabes archive, and consider why it matters who tells the stories of the Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto. increase economic production to meet wartime demands. D) executive vice-president of the International Monetary Fund, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self. On December 8, Joseph Goebbels described Adolf Hitler as exceptionally happy when he learned the news. In his 1947 State of the Union, Truman stated, We are dealing with a human problem, a world tragedy. In his 1948 State of the Union, he argued for suitable legislation at once so that this nation may do its share in caring for homeless and suffering refugees of all faiths. It granted Germany a testing ground for new technology. Through the end of World War II the United States would use it to provide a total of some $50 billion in aid (equal to $690 billion in 2020 dollars) to more than 30 nations around the globe, from . The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. B. Battle of the Atlantic: September 3, 1939 to May 8, 1945. What events is the preamble referring to in this excerpt? After the United States entered World War II: a) Americans saw little military action for the first few months of 1942. b) Americans immediately won several key battles. What was the importance of the Lend-Lease Act? Fears of infiltration and espionage led to additional restrictions on visa applicants. B. C) the Allies invaded Germany from Denmark and Sweden. The Corps offered scholarships for tuition and fees, stipends, and uniforms to women ages 17-35 who went . The Battle of Midway is considered one of the major turning points of the war because ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . Which of these countries took an isolationist approach to foreign policy in the 1930s? After the united states entered world war ii. British concerns over its border security in the Atlantic. D. Germany and Japan were to pay for the resettlement of displaced persons from the countries they formerly occupied. D. D) The United States considered them enemy combatants. B) join political organizations. As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. A) the American defense industry declined after the war. A) the war in Europe was over. The preamble mentions "the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind." contributing to a "black market" for consumer goods. A) the participation of the United States. D. He issued an order to desegregate the military. B) more than one half Why did Roosevelt and the other Allied leaders decide to pursue a "Europe First" strategy in the war? D. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? a.) Hence, the sudden attack almost shocked the entire United States. What was the primary goal of the U.S. strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific? The Second World War pitted two alliances against each other, the Axis powers and the Allied powers; the Soviet Union served 34 million men and women, Germany 18 million, the U.S 16 million, Japan 9 million, and Great Britain 6 million. The United States did not sign the 1951 United Nations Refugee Convention, instead passing its own set of laws which also aided specific groups of refugees for limited periods of time. A. to rescue U.S. prisoners of war who were being held captive there . give each member state an equal say in world affairs. The United Nations High Commission on Refugees assists member nations in establishing and carrying out procedures to process claims and review decisions. African American workers were paid the same wages as whites. D. How did the Nazi regime differ most from the Japanese government in the 1930s? A) They were still unaware of the death camps' existence at that point. During the course of these interviews, Library interviewers advised some interviewees that the interviews would not be broadcast. b.) When World War II ended, the United States was in better economic condition than any other country in the world. Soviet mistrust of Western intentions. The 1924 law capped quota immigration at 164,667 people per year. . D) pressuring Germany into providing financial reparations to victims of the Holocaust. C. C. a.) c.) By June 1948 Truman had pushed for some sort of legislation on behalf of displaced persons for at least eighteen months. . Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps as a result of Executive Order 9066, which D. The U.S. rejected Japan's demand of expansion. Choose the statement that best reflects the experience of women as a social group after the United States entered World War II. C) chairman of the U.N. Commission on Human Rights the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the . A. A. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States that endorsed certain principles for building a lasting peace and establishing free governments in the world B) limited the number of Jewish refugees allowed entry into the United States. In 1948, President Truman demonstrated major support for the Jewish cause by They needed to wrest control of the Suez Canal and the oilfields in the Middle East from Italy first. cutting off its access to the rich Caucasus oil fields. B) They needed the railway lines to expedite the delivering of supplies to the front lines. Choose the statement that describes an effect of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. C. the British Royal Air Force D. Japan feeling threatened by the U.S. presence in Asia and the Pacific. B. Interventionists thought aid would bring us into war; isolationists thought aid would keep us out of the war. We are now to a certain extent protected on our flanks. World War II's longest continuous campaign takes place, with the Allies striking a naval blockade against Germany and igniting a struggle . Then, tell whether the gerund is a subject, a predicate nominative, a direct object, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. B. "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. But now this isnt so bad anymore. A. Examine the history of the United States' entrance into World War II following the attack on Pearl Harbor. "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. Pete Seeger playing banjo, 1948. C. Which series of events is arranged in the correct chronological order? The Convention does not specify how signatories determine or assign refugee status. C. B) 710,000 people. . "Dear Mr. President," Nashville, Tennessee, January or February "Dear Mr. President," New York, New York, January or February Letter from Alan Lomax to Wilhelmina Waters, April 3, 1942. Soldiers began to come home and find peacetime jobs. A) the Axis pushed back the Allied advance from the Soviet Union. They were followed in June 1940 by Italy, in June 1941 by Russia, and in December 1941 by Japan and the USA - though the conflict as a whole had actually began in July 1937 with war between China and Japan. The rescue worker wouldn't leave the building without the little boy. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific . B) the creation of a five-member Security Council. After the war, the United States and the international community used a series of directives, organizations, and laws to help displaced European refugees, including Holocaust survivors, immigrate to new countries. Kristallnacht is the name given to describe Even the 300,000 combat deaths suffered by Americans paled in comparison to any other major belligerent. b.) Positive WARSAW, Poland (AP) President Joe Biden, returning on Tuesday to the Polish castle where he spoke shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine last year, said the war had hardened Western resolve to defend democracy around the globe. Under this international treaty, a refugee was defined as "a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence as a result of such events, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it.". After World War II, thousands of Nazis became informants in the Cold War against the Soviet Union and then got entry into the U.S. Eric Lichtblau's new book, The Nazi Next Door, tells the story. While overall immigration into the United States did not increase, between 35,00040,000 DPs, most of whom were Jewish, entered the United States between December 22, 1945, and July 1, 1948, under provisions of the Truman Directive. "Most defense contracts went to small businesses like the one I own." it bought U.S. forces more time to focus on the war in Europe. B. separate D) more than 20 years. Japanese attack Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, a territory of the US. Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. Public anti-immigration sentiment remained strongin May 1938, only 23% of Americans were in favor of the immigration of German refugeesand these congressmen believed that legislation reducing immigration would prevail if the subject came up for debate. A. . We expect to eliminate the danger from Japan, but it would serve us ill if we accomplished that and found that the rest of the world was dominated by Hitler and Mussolini. President Roosevelt helped increase employment opportunities for African Americans when he D) Germany was forced to fight a war on two fronts. B. WACs coordinated recruiting efforts for all of the armed services. C. committed suicide in his bunker. B. Interventionists finally agreed with the isolationist position. The United States officially enters World War I. April 6, 1917: Two days after the U.S. Senate voted 82 to 6 to declare war against Germany, the U.S. House of Representatives endorses the . B. to force Japan into fighting a two-front war and gain strategic positions from which to attack protecting U.S. economic interests in China Also included are biographies of the fieldworkers who conducted and arranged the interviews, complete transcripts of the interviews, related manuscripts, and original disc sleeves. With the help of American troops, the Allies were able to push back Germany in Europe by 1944 and the United States ended World War II in August of 1945 with the atomic bombing of Japan. D. the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor. A. "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. c.) C. . 300 seconds. Washington, DC 20024-2126 B. What major advantage did the United States possess over the Soviet Union following the war? a.) Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. D. supreme. Although the IRO constitution was drawn up in December 1946, the organization did not begin work until 1948, when the nations paying the majority of the IROs expenses had ratified the constitution. C. legal C) U.S. entry into World War II. C. Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor. B. A. C. C. American attempts to take over Japanese-controlled territory. B. less denouncement Example directobject\underline{\color{#c34632}{direct~ object}}directobject 1. 182, 186) exempted noncitizen service members from naturalization requirements related to age, race, residence, any educational tests, fees . After World War II, the United States of America entered a period of material abundance, caused largely by increased production. his skillful handling of the Allied offensive at Normandy. The Axis Powers fought relentlessly against the Allied Powers for dominance around the world. He said, in part: The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in Africa. Those who have committed crimes against peace, war crimes, or non-political crimes outside of their country of refuge, are not eligible for refugee status. increasingly took on more global responsibilities. d.) The vote was bipartisan and was not close (293-41). A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. A. B.It showed the United States clearly supported the Allies. C) about 15 years D. In an attempt to prevent American interference in the Pacific war, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, the US naval station in Hawaii, in a surprise attack on December 7, 1941. D. the establishment of internment camps for resident aliens. This was the first time refugees gained distinct legal status under international law. B. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Why do you think Roosevelt compared the Germans to gangsters? B. Japan had also developed the atomic bomb d.) d.) D. He needed to open a second front to relieve pressure on his troops on the eastern front. C. In the end, the United States was forced into the war on December 7th, 1941 when Japan surprise attack the United States at Pearl Harbor. D. through the enlistment of volunteers to work government jobs. B. destroy ships and planes that threatened their expansion efforts. C) the creation of the International Monetary Fund. A. Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, a world which still seemed to have no place for them. Dec. 7. What position did Eleanor Roosevelt take up after the war? How did the countrys reasons for fighting the war, as articulated by Roosevelt, differ from those of Germany. the League of Nations. A) one million people. preventing Soviet intervention in the region. work on the development of an atomic bomb. D) the Allies moved toward Germany from the east, west, and south. The entry of the United States into World War II caused vast changes in virtually every aspect of American life. ." b.) The act was meant to solve the midnight races problem and establish a more permanent immigration law. "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. B. April 6, 1917 The 1921 quotas were enforced on Ellis Island, not at US consulates abroad. Wallace was born on January 9, 1922 in Salt Lake City, Utah and registered for the draft on June 30, 1942. B) provide the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question." B. it eliminated Japan's main refueling station for its air force. By the time the United States entered World War II, it had already been providing aid to areas threatened by Axis powers. While the Nazis took control of Germany and planned for war in Europe, Japan aggressively expanded its control of territory in east Asia by invading Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937. They sought peace through isolation and throughout the 1920s advocated a policy of disarmament and nonintervention. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. Immigrants from the Western Hemisphere, needed for US labor, were non-quota arrivals, exempted from the quota system. The Act, which authorized 200,000 displaced persons to enter the United States, "mortgaged" the still-extant . The United States declared war on the German Empire on April 6, 1917, nearly three years after World War I started. B. the Munich Pact Public opinion was more in line with Congress than Truman: an April 1948 poll showed that 53% of Americans disapproved of the plan to allow 200,000 displaced persons to enter, compared with 40% who approved. It would require fewer resources and pave the way for an Allied invasion of Italy. In 1958 and 1966, presidents Eisenhower and Johnson issued parole directives to aid 30,700 Hungarian refugees and nearly 500,000 Cuban refugees fleeing their nations revolutions, reclassifying these refugees as permanent US residents. founded the United Service Organizations. a.) B. Public policy, like the so-called GI Bill of Rights passed in 1944, provided money for veterans to attend college, to purchase homes, and to buy farms. c.) C) destroy the nation of Japan. Throughout the 1930s, most Americans opposed changing or adjusting the Johnson-Reed Act, fearing that immigrants, including those fleeing persecution, would compete for scarce jobs and burden public services in the midst of the Great Depression. Almost every country in the world participated in World War II.Most were neutral at the beginning, but only a relatively few nations remained neutral to the end. Circle each direct object. D. A. d.) The principal belligerents were the Axis powersGermany, Italy, and Japanand the AlliesFrance, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. Depression; Isolationists thought aid would prolong the Depression. B. the enforced rationing of consumer goods. The Senate did not believe the emergency warranted this dramatic step but was willing to significantly restrict the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States. World War Two ended finally in the summer of nineteen forty-five. C. Native Americans recruited from nearby reservations in New Mexico. his successful campaigns in North Africa and Sicily. World War II was just six years long but surprisingly, it had two presidents ruling the United States during its course. C. opposition to policies requiring racial segregation of factory workers. Goebbels wrote: On the basis of the Tripartite Pact we will probably not [be able to avoid] a declaration of war on the United States. What did the existence of kamikaze pilots reveal about the Japanese military? In March 1980, Congress passed the Refugee Act of 1980, expressing that it is the historic policy of the United States to respond to the urgent needs of persons subject to persecution in their homelands. The Act laid out the procedures for the admission of refugees into the United States and how the US would fulfill its obligations as a signatory of the United Nations Refugee Protocol. The roots of World War II, which eventually pitted Germany, Japan, and Italy (the Axis) against the United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union (the Allies), lay in the militaristic ideologies and expansionist policies of Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan. D. the Selective Service Act, What was the world reaction to these aggressive actions? Consistent with overall anti-immigrant sentiments in the country, the State Department viewed the quotas as limits, rather than goals, and did not seek to fill the quotas. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. C. It would force the Axis to retreat from Stalingrad and give the Soviets a chance to regroup. The United States signed the United Nations Refugee Protocol on November 6, 1968. It was difficult for him to gauge where the Allies would strike next. it effectively destroyed Japan's ability to launch airstrikes. D.France and Britain sent troops to defend Poland. D) all of the Allies suffered economically due to the war. C. Dec. 11. "My father got hired at Henry Ford's plant building B-24 bombers, and he managed to save enough money to buy a family car." American soldiers could not get close enough to Japan to launch an effective invasion. A) the passing of the War Powers Acts. View the list of all donors. 4. A. The photographs and graphs in this gallery support the conclusion that Most of Japan's former colonies were now under U.S. control. A. racial tensions related to the huge influx of laborers from Mexico. A ceasefire and Armistice was declared on November 11, 1918.Before entering the war, the U.S. had remained neutral, though it had been an important supplier to the United Kingdom, France, and the other powers of the Allies of World War I. The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. The sketch shown above is of "The Unconquered People," and describes the European resistance to Adolph Hitler and Germany on the part of . Hours later, the United States declared war on both countries. b.) ", United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, The Nazi Persecution of Black People in Germany, The Nazi Olympics Berlin 1936: African American Voices and "Jim Crow" America. D.Did not destroy all aircraft carriers/ did not declare war first. c.) In this way, refugees and immigrants were still tied together in US immigration law. C) Germany's attention was diverted from the war in the Pacific. B. Prevention of Soviet expansion in Asia. D. "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage." For each word at the left, complete the four derivatives indicated. A) the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights The American forces liberated Paris and much of occupied France. C. an African American air squadron that conducted bombing raids over Europe. A. WACs worked in factories that produced weapons for the war effort. The initial purpose of the Nazi concentration camps was supposedly to Pressure from China, a.) B) the course of the war turned in favor of the Axis Powers. In 1951, the United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, which has been signed by 145 nations. Q. ffidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. Sicily and the fall of Mussolini, July-August 1943. In exchange, refugees must abide by the laws and regulations of the country of asylum. C.It endorsed national self-determination for the post-war world. General Bradley had less experience in launching amphibious attacks. In the decades between World War I and the attack on Pearl Harbor, tensions between Japan and the United States were primarily caused by D. 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