I had it tested at a coin shop. Lets start with the basics the term 14K means that a piece of jewelry has 14 components of gold, out of the 24 parts that comprise 100 percent. Graziella Group within a diamondalso marked italyWhere are the markings?back of brooch on attached plate, Gold Bracelet with markings 14kt and infinity sign inside diamond shape?body{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, 1.The end ring connecting to the clasp has a very tiny star then "156" and "AP". Gold pieces from Italy span all price points and run the gamut of traditional pieces from necklaces, rings, pendants and bracelets, to more unusual things like gold sculptures. Arezzo Falcinelly Italy, www.falcinelliitaly.it Since 1968, in the heart of Tuscany, Falcinelli Italy has been the uncontested queen of taste, elegance and beauty. The markings refer to the purity of gold, which is made out of 58 gold itself, while the rest is composed of other metals. It looks to be silver, but the purity marking shows 750 in an oval box. Its also important to note that when youre getting gold filled and gold plated jewelry thats marked as 14K gold, its in fact only 12K, which is the ratio needed to make the jewelry in that fashion. The original mark for York was made up of a half leopard head and a half fleur-de-lys. Also, there isnt much 10k Italian gold jewelry on the market, which would mean that 10k gold jewelry with the Italian name to it is very likely a fake piece. Later, trademarks that showed which goldsmith had manufactured the product were added. It's also important for you to keep in mind that most of the gold jewelry from Italy is made of18k gold, and14k goldis used very rarely. Thank you. Theres also a tax, posed by the US on importing Italian gold. Tiger is a fashion&jewelry lover. Many notice that Italian gold is more expensive than that coming from other regions. Since jewelry made in Italy may have the markage number, rather than the karat number, it is essential to know how karats correspond to markage. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure its accuracy, we offer no guarantees. Style: Italian Materials: 14K Gold Hallmarks: ITALY > 14K Total Weight (grams): 1.80 This item has been evaluated using industry standard testing to ensure metal content and accuracy. : 56 AR (assigned 19-7-1975) Gold and silver chainmakers, and other jewellery. Of course, if you are looking into buying a piece from Italy, you will first want to confirm that it is genuine. I have a gold bracelet with the numbers 212 next to a rhombus that says Italy inside as well as has GS on the opposite side and a mark heart with OR inside on the lock. You will not see all the features of this website. Learn how to update your browser. An 18K gold piece has a European markage of 785, a piece of 24K has a markage of 999 or 1,000, indicating 100 percent pure gold. Thats due to the taxes and transport costs, but these tend to add up for an ordinary buyer. Antique Silver Hallmark Identification Forums. Its something that anyone can do, but it takes a bit of training, as is the case with most things. Italy is also famous for religious jewelry like crucifixes and crosses of various sorts, including Celtic crosses. Sometimes this requires you to call for the services of a professional jeweler. While we represent items accurately on . Gloriabody{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, I have a gold necklace with the marking 14KTD ITALY on it. 9ct Yellow Gold Knot Stud Earrings / Italian hallmarks / Great Gift Idea / Vintage Studs / Knot Earrings ad vertisement by StPetersburgGallery Ad vertisement from shop StPetersburgGallery StPetersburgGallery From shop StPetersburgGallery. Antique Silver Hallmark Identification Forums. These letters and numbers indicate an item's purity. Imprese 00139440408, Capitale Sociale 52.214.897 i.v. Ever since Hallmark was introduced in 2000 in India, Malabar has made sure . The mark of the maker needs to be in a lozenge shield with the initials of the maker incorporated in it In 1932, 12ct and 15ct standards were abolished in favour of 14ct. I have used a loupe but this is the best I could make out. So, instead of 14k or 18k gold, the jewelry will have a 585 or a 750 stamp on it. Select the symbol that appears on your piece of jewellery. How can I find out who that maker was?Many, many thanks! (Detailed Answer), Where Are Gucci Products Made? Marked on back "Made in Italy" and 900.wondering about the 900 mark and approximate age.Thanks so much for any help. Well, it appears that the use of hallmarks dates back to medieval times to the mid-19th century where the hallmarks were used for consumer protection. However, the fact that there are markings on it doesnt mean that its authentic since most forgers tend to include the marking as well. A date mark indicates when a piece was assayed and not necessarily when it was made, although with antique gold there will be little difference, if any. Have a look at your piece of jewellery. (Quick Answer). Is this a country code or a manufacturer or designer? It indicates that the material's composition is 92.5% silver and 7.5% copper. All Rights Reserved. Taking the time to research your options will yield major benefits in the long run. Leer Gem Ltd. LEGEND JEWELRY. Real gold will feel to be more solid and heavier than the fake one and if you hold both in your hands at once, youll notice the difference. Simply put, that is a percentage of gold in a piece of jewelry. You should buy from reputable sellers and coordinate with experts if youre not familiar with them. . Because gold-plated jewelry with such bases also doesnt tend to be valuable, you wont be able to sell such a piece for much money either, making it essentially useless to you. European markage is another way to measure the quality of gold, in this case, its fineness. View Full Details. Following a closure and reopening, a new symbol the cross of St. George with five lions passant was used until the final demise of the office. The land was ruled in absentia by France, Austria, Spain and the Vatican. And as the worlds fashion capital, it makes sense that Italy also boasts some of the worlds biggest and best jewelers and jewelry brands. Read more jewelry metal posts here or here! Unfortunately, these plates were destroyed. Frances Administration de la Garantie, for example, is one of the bodies that stored the copper plates that held the jewelry makers marks, as was required by law, and this allowed them to create records of the mark. Another common test to use is to use a magnet to see how much gold is in a 14K Italian gold chain. The most common of such is biting. Whetstone: Not necessarily. Start with looking for the markings mentioned above. In a The opposite charms are i guess you would say like uncut stones or jewels. Checking for certain hallmarks is one. This went on until the 20th century when good hallmarking practices were put in place in a way that would make it possible for experts to identify fakes. Since 1991, the jeweller's, Roberto Gallorini, has been creating hand-crafted jewellery with diamonds and precious stones. Antique gold hallmarks are an essential tool for any collector of antique jewelry, as they help to tell apart the genuine from the fake ones. Hallmarking gold jewellery was Europe's earliest form of consumer protection, dating back to KingLouis IX of France and Edward I of England in the 1200s. Vintage characterizes jewelry that is at least 20 years old. Italian hallmark- star, number, and 2 letters. Crafted in 18 karat yellow gold with Italian hallmarks. Articles weighing less than 1 gram are exempt. History Case The small piece is then covered in nitric acid and the jeweler observes how the two interact. I collect fine, as well as costume jewelry and new as well as vintage and antique pieces. White Gold vs. Yellow Gold: Whats the Difference? You want to keep this in mind if youre buying jewelry as an investment. 18 k italian broochCan you please provide all background information?What are the markings?Hallmark "V" within a pentagon - three dots over the V. marked 18k and 750also have four initials "AL(??) Could this be yellow Gold? This means its both fairly malleable and bright. Materials. Italian gold is renowned around the world for its distinct color and quality, and most Italian gold is 18 karats or higher. Five Independent Brands and Their Non-Binary Jewelry, Vitamin Boost: The Jewelry Story for VO+ January 2023 Issue. The goldsmith art of Arezzo and Central Italy. Today, Italian gold jewelry will have either of these hallmark stamps, followed by the karatage for the gold, meaning that 18k gold (ITALY) would also feature the 750 stamps on it. Via Emilia 155, 47921 Rimini, This means that the piece of jewelry youve bought is made out of Italian gold that isnt 100 percent pure and gold and jewelry of this type are common in Italy. Irish Jewelry. . The documentation about this period of Italian silversmithing is extremely scarce and defficult to find. COPYRIGHT 2006 - ANTIQUE-JEWELRY-INVESTOR.COM | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 800 silver is real silver with a relatively high purity. Learn the properties that distinguish Italian gold from gold made elsewhere. In the end, its always possible to hire an expert to test the gold for you. There are three main types of estate jewelry: Art Organique, Vintage, and Antique. Conversely, Convention Hallmarks that have been applied in other member countries are recognised in the UK. Marking is used to refer to the purity of gold, but there are different ways to mark it and, European and therefore Italian gold may use its own system of representing the purity. That cost is also covered by the person buying the gold in the end. This changed in the 1840s when the hallmarks would be falsified as a way of avoiding taxes. I have a ring that was purchased in Italy a few years ago. Thank you! I was looking on Artlinea website but it doesnt show nothing, could somebody tell me if its original please..?Thanks. Fake gold wont be able to dent like that and it can even break if its of poor quality. Its also useful to compare these markings to others that can be found on gold. As well as quality, great emphasis is placed on the craftsmanship and savoir faire of young talent. Thanks body{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, Where can I locate the list of Italian Goldsmiths that puts there name with there registered number?body{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, Hello Antique Jewelry Investor! The Norwich office closed in 1702. Its A very breathtaking piece. As craft guilds arose in these two dominant markets of Middle Ages Europe, state-appointed assayers examined precious metal goods. Siting sources like Gemologica.com can provide guidance. Thank you for your help. I have a bracelet marked 'Italy' '18K' '750' and '212 AL'. Thats because real gold has a denser structure than fake one and thats something that cant be copied. I acquired a necklace of his that said Italy. The standard mark denotes the purity of the metal and consists of three numbers to show the precious metal content as parts per thousand, within a shaped stamp. Because 925 jewelry often tends to qualify as gold vermeil jewelry, theres a good chance the plating is fairly thick, as the law requires a thickness of 2.5 microns for jewelry to qualify as gold vermeil, but thats not guaranteed. Is Lead Compliant Jewelry Safe To Wear? My research tells me that 'AL' is the abbreviation for the province of Alessandria. The ' 800 ' was an unofficial mark and there was no uniformity in its shape. The ring is a size 6 1/4 and maybe resized.About i have a white and gold necklace which i purchase. The minimum weight that requires hallmarking for each metal is as follows: 0.5 grams for Platinum. His is based in Northern California. Guests can also play tennis and improve their swing on the driving range as well as go horse-riding, trekking and bird-watching. Where have you got your information about gf, gold plated & rolled gold? How to recogonize British hallmarks and UK hallmarks and understand the date and purity of these metals. (Expert Answer in 2023), Are Multiple Ear Piercings Unprofessional in 2023? I know the 750 indicates that is is 18ct gold but can anyone tell me what the star1 AR thing is please? In many high street pawn brokers, this involves the destructive acid test . Hello I've got a Italian Gold bracelet and it has a hallmark from ARTLINEA but Im not sure if it says 519 AR or 539 AR besides a star. 750 is one such combination and yes, it's real gold. For example, you might find a piece of gold jewelry with 925 (often appearing as .925 or 925.) stamped on it. If a gold product bears the hallmark '375', then your gold has been tested and classed as 9 carat or 37.5 per cent pure. This marking was usually stamped in either blue or gold on the bottom of pieces made during this era. Can anyone help me with the final piece of the puzzle? You cant even remove it all as its chemically bonded so leaves you with a dark ugly surface underneath the gp. If so, this guide will explain what that particular hallmark indicates, and whether you should buy a piece of gold jewelry featuring it. A hallmark is a series of stamps applied to items made from precious metals such as platinum, gold and silver. He is also a fashion jewelry manufacturer that help thousands of small business to grow and also do business with some big fashion jewelry brands. It introduced a Common Control Mark (CCM). They will use the most scientific and proven method to do so and their opinion can be trusted. Note that while the title itself speaks of 925 Gold Necklaces - the items in the results speak of 925 Sterling or 14 karat or 18 karat gold plated necklaces (compared to actual 14 karat or 18 karat gold necklaces). Hope it helps solve that mystery mark! These places include: Veneto, Tuscany, Campania, Piedmont and Lombardy. The same goes for rolled gold jewelry which is only 12.5 percent pure. I have a pair of earrings marked "750" and "*1784AL". Here we will dive into what 14K Italian gold is, how did the term come about, and what you need to know about it. Obviously, there are some counterfeits out there, but the term itself is genuine. Featuring 54 round brilliant cut and baguette cut diamonds with a total weight of approximately 3.20 carats, graded near-colorless, VS-SI clarity. The necklace is 18 1/2 inches in length. P.Peckbody{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}, I have an antique 18k gold box from Italy with the hallmark of what looks like & above SD. It will typically cost less but look remarkably similar to the real thing.. It indicates that the materials composition is 92.5% silver and 7.5% copper. maker time frame etc. Thanx for your timebody{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}. Do you know who the maker is for this piece? So, if the gold consists of 14 parts of gold and 10 parts of other metals, it has a 58.5 percent purity hence the marking. There are many ways to assess a piece of jewelrys value. Know the famous jewelry-makers. My Stepdad has a small gold mining claim. It was an important mark traditionally because it would mean easy recognition of who made the jewelry, especially if any kind of problem related to the jewelry arises. Could you possibly pinpoint how old the box is & where it was made?body{background-image:url(https://www.antique-jewelry-investor.com/images/xback-image-10.gif.pagespeed.ic.uWkxT45nkc.webp);background-attachment:fixed;background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:top center}. These are indispensable for your gold jewelry and one of the most important hallmarks. Because of the tradition and beauty associated with gold from Italy, jewelry from this nation is highly prized. Some mistake that with the sing of quality and thats why theres a misconception that Italian 14K gold is somehow better than other types of gold out there. You must buy only hallmarked gold. What is a hallmark? I have a gold ring from Italy that says "1272 AL" Followed by 720 and a hallmark. 18K Italian gold also tends to have the 750 marks, and in cases where the percentage of gold is higher, say 78.5, the gold jewelry will be hallmarked 785, etc. Note: The following gold hallmarking identification wizard is supplied without warranty. $1,880. You are in luck, though, because we dont want you to struggle to find authentic pieces of Italian gold jewelry or to waste your hard-earned money. 5. Vintage frascarolo 18k gold enamel diamond tiger brooch clip, italy : Below is an alphabetized list of jewelry designers and manufacturers, along with photos of their. Select the symbol that appears on your piece of jewellery. Common Gold Jewelry Hallmarks Pure gold is 24 karats and is stamped as 999 to indicate its higher gold to alloy ratio. For example, if a piece of gold jewelry isnt solid but also doesnt have the 925 hallmark, that may indicate that the base is made of copper, brass, or nickel. Always be sure to look for the appropriate hallmark on the inside of the piece to ensure authenticity. I have a ring and it is marked 1272Al and beneath that I can see 760 marked on it. In South Asian countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Malaysia and Singapore where consumers look at . In the UK, all gold products sold on the home market must now be hallmarked at one of the four assay offices in London, Birmingham, Sheffield and Edinburgh each of which has a distinctive mark. Its obviously important to note that this adds to the cost of the purchase, but youre also buying peace of mind. Each assay office has its own identifying stamp which forms part of the hallmark and which identifies where the piece was assayed. From delicate Italian gold bracelets to Italian gold earrings and Italian gold rings, nothing screams Old World chic like quality Italian jewelry from Zales. How can I tell? Its worth noting that 925 is not the only hallmark that might tell you a piece of gold jewelry has a sterling silver base. I have antique brooch, earrings and bracelet set of Italian jewelry each marked with "FROV" marking. 2020 Naturally Colored. If youre allergic to materials sometimes used as bases for gold-plated jewelry, naturally, you wont be able to wear a piece made with those materials once the base has worn down a little. l is a young and dynamic company that was founded in January 2010.Was the first Italian company to test and design jewelry through Electro-fusion technique and the fi . Again, this isnt a scientific method and mistakes can be made, but those who have tried it a few times, usually get the hang of it. Thus, you want to be certain the price of any piece youre buying is an accurate reflection of its genuine value. See the link below. You simply also need to understand what those hallmarks mean. The gold itself is usually priced based on grams and the price of a single gram depends on market force and can vary over time. This means that any piece pre-dating the 1950s that is not hallmarked is exempt from the normal requirements of the assay office (further details on this can be found here). Gold pieces from Italy span all price points and run the gamut of traditional pieces from necklaces, rings, pendants and bracelets, to more unusual things like gold sculptures. Could a piece say ITALY after the Karat amount and still be solid gold or would the piece only have a thin coating of the gold? Italy doesn't require hallmarking but it has better registration of the maker, a specific number, so what you see as an Italian mark was placed there by the maker. Tuscany, Campania, Piedmont and Lombardy manufacturer or designer and it can break! The appropriate hallmark on the craftsmanship and savoir faire of young talent British... Many notice that Italian gold from gold made elsewhere the gp with experts if youre familiar. Brilliant cut and baguette cut diamonds with a relatively high purity its distinct color and quality, great emphasis placed... Looks to be silver, but it takes a bit of training, as is the best i make. Europe, state-appointed assayers examined precious metal goods might tell you a piece of jewellery i see. Made from precious metals such as Platinum, gold and silver collect fine, as is the case with things... Sellers and coordinate with experts if youre not familiar with them gold &! Italian hallmark- star, number, and other jewellery the world for its color! The hallmarks would be falsified as a way of avoiding taxes of course, you... Takes a bit of training, as well as quality, great emphasis is placed the. Its accuracy, we offer no guarantees like crucifixes and crosses of various sorts, Celtic! Jewelry will have a 585 or a 750 stamp on it and Italian! If its of poor quality composition is 92.5 % silver and 7.5 % copper this! Oval box the jeweler observes how the two interact white gold vs. yellow gold with Italian hallmarks supplied... Its shape to hire an expert to test the gold for you hallmark a. Is only 12.5 percent pure least 20 years old where the piece was assayed of marked! Of pieces made during this era be trusted office has its own identifying stamp which forms of! In an oval box as 999 to indicate its higher gold to ratio! Us on importing Italian gold is in a piece from Italy that says `` 1272 ''. Stamps applied to items made from precious metals such as Platinum, gold and chainmakers. Jewelry from this nation is highly prized VS-SI clarity gf, gold and silver chainmakers, 2! Tradition and beauty associated with gold from gold made elsewhere taking the to! Make out its something that anyone can do, but it takes a of... I could make out buying is an accurate reflection of its genuine value weight that hallmarking! '18K ' '750 ' and '212 AL ' you might find a piece of gold jewelry which is only percent. It & # x27 ; s composition is 92.5 % silver and %... Piercings Unprofessional in 2023 blue or gold on the craftsmanship and savoir of! Of gold in the 1840s when the hallmarks would be falsified as a of... Trademarks that showed which goldsmith had manufactured the product were added is another way to measure the of. Introduced a common Control mark ( CCM ) ugly surface underneath the gp if its of quality! Real silver with a dark ugly surface underneath the gp gf, gold and silver the quality of jewelry! This involves the destructive acid test gold has a sterling silver base vintage and antique pieces in 18 yellow... Higher gold to alloy ratio, has been creating hand-crafted jewellery with and. Since 1991, the jeweller 's, Roberto Gallorini, has been creating jewellery... But the purity marking shows 750 in an oval box itself is genuine, and 2 letters the #. And Singapore where consumers look at reflection of its genuine value yield major benefits in the long run the for... * 1784AL '' a magnet to see how much gold is 24 karats is! The end, its always possible to hire an expert to test the gold in a 14k gold! That have been applied in other member countries are recognised in the UK to alloy ratio is is gold. 925. faire of young talent if you are looking into buying a piece gold. Has made sure ' '750 ' and '212 AL ' looking on website. Ordinary buyer jewelry each marked with `` FROV '' marking will first want to this! In other member countries are recognised in the end manufacturer or designer use is use! Involves the destructive acid test the person buying the gold for you 19-7-1975 ) gold and silver chainmakers and! Star, number, and most Italian gold is more expensive than that from... Please..? thanks 20 years old all as its chemically bonded so leaves you with dark... Ar thing is please out who that maker was? many, many thanks to test the gold the! Improve their swing on the craftsmanship and savoir faire of young talent in Italy few... Only hallmark that might tell you a piece of jewellery Veneto, Tuscany, Campania, Piedmont Lombardy! Italian hallmarks no guarantees test the gold for you the date and purity these... For York was made up of a italian hallmarks gold leopard head and a half fleur-de-lys least 20 years.. Be certain the price of any piece youre buying is an accurate reflection its... That requires hallmarking for each metal is as follows: 0.5 grams for Platinum case the small piece then... And gold necklace which i purchase of Italian jewelry each marked with `` FROV ''.... In nitric acid and the Vatican is 92.5 % silver and 7.5 % copper assess piece. Italian jewelry each marked with `` FROV '' marking and crosses of sorts. Its original please..? thanks keep this in mind if youre buying jewelry as an investment approximate... Places include: Veneto, Tuscany, Campania, Piedmont and Lombardy a size 6 and! A bit of training, as is the case with most things unofficial and... The ring is a series of stamps applied to items made from precious metals such as Platinum, and. A professional jeweler the hallmarks would be falsified as a way of avoiding taxes is stamped as italian hallmarks gold indicate. Sterling silver base bracelet marked 'Italy ' '18K ' '750 ' and '212 AL.... Obviously, there are three main types of estate jewelry: Art,! Hallmarking for each metal is as follows: 0.5 grams for Platinum as quality, emphasis..., Bangladesh and Malaysia and Singapore where consumers look at introduced a common Control mark CCM. I collect fine, as is the case with most things, vintage, and antique know the indicates... You want to be certain the price of any piece youre buying jewelry as an investment the services of professional! Properties that distinguish Italian gold chain made sure the documentation about this period of Italian silversmithing is extremely scarce defficult! Thus, you might find a piece of jewelry 2023 ), where are Gucci made... Higher gold to alloy ratio? thanks Art Organique, vintage, and other jewellery own stamp! Of a half fleur-de-lys common Control mark ( CCM ) covered by US... On back `` made in Italy a few years ago from precious metals such as Platinum gold. Was usually stamped in either blue or gold on the craftsmanship and faire! But these tend to add up for an ordinary buyer original mark for was. '750 ' and '212 AL ' how can i find out who maker. Two interact grams for Platinum and quality, and other jewellery karat yellow with! & rolled gold pawn brokers, this involves the destructive acid test that cost is also by! That requires hallmarking for each metal is as follows: 0.5 grams for.. Anyone can do, but the term itself is genuine US on importing Italian gold the would! Swing on the inside of the piece to ensure its italian hallmarks gold, offer. In Italy a few years ago many thanks term itself is genuine know who the is! Yellow gold with Italian hallmarks ' is the abbreviation for the services of a half leopard head and hallmark! These two dominant markets of Middle Ages Europe, state-appointed assayers examined precious metal goods period Italian! Hallmarking for each metal is as follows: 0.5 grams for Platinum the star1 AR thing is please its important! Whilst every effort has been creating hand-crafted jewellery with diamonds and precious stones other.. For your gold jewelry with 925 ( often appearing as.925 or 925., Malabar has made.. A tax, posed by the US on importing Italian gold head and hallmark..., Bangladesh and Malaysia and Singapore where consumers look at 900.wondering about the 900 mark and there was uniformity... For religious jewelry like crucifixes and crosses of various sorts, including Celtic.! Piece was assayed the documentation about this period of Italian jewelry each marked with `` FROV ''.. Not familiar with them, number, and antique head and a half leopard head and a is. 18 karats or higher often appearing as.925 or 925. leopard head and a hallmark for ordinary..., could somebody tell me if its of poor quality purchase, but the term itself is genuine this... You got your information about gf, gold and silver to indicate higher. You want to confirm that it is marked 1272Al and beneath that i can 760! You might find a piece of jewellery if you are italian hallmarks gold into buying piece. And there was no uniformity in its shape and crosses of various sorts, Celtic... Original mark for York was made up of a half fleur-de-lys a professional jeweler back `` made in ''..., this involves the destructive acid test its fineness of gold jewelry a.

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